dig with a hoe

• azadonar v.

• dig with a hoe

• dig with a hoe

• hoe

• hoeing

1 to dig with a spade or pickaxe.

2 to hoe, to dig with a hoe, to hoe up, to spade.

* * *

► verbo transitivo

1 to hoe

* * *

VT to hoe

du/ad.

1. ( oro.) to dig; esan zioten lekuan aitzurtzen hasi zen eta handik gutxira aurkitu zuen lurpeko altxorra he started digging where he was told and before long he found the underground treasure

2. to dig with a hoe; baserriko soro lehorrak \aitzurtu zituzten they hoed the dry farm fields

σκάπτω fut. σκάψω; 1 aor. ἔσκαψα. Pass.: 2 aor. ἐσκάφην; pf. ptc. ἐσκαμμένος (s. σκάμμα; Hom. Hymns, Thu. et al.; ins, pap; Is 5:6; TestJob 39:8, 11)

① to dig into the ground, dig, intr. (Aristoph. et al.; BGU 1119, 23 [I B.C.] σκάπτειν καὶ ποτίζειν) σκάπτειν οὐκ ἰσχύω Lk 16:3 (s. texts cited in Wetstein; the proverbial expr. Aristoph., Av. 1432 σκάπτειν οὐκ ἐπίσταμαι and Galen, Protr. 13 p. 42, 1ff John: ἰσχύς enough to σκάπτειν. Digging is the hardest kind of work [Chariton 8, 8, 2; Appian, Liby. 15 §61]; an uneducated workman must engage in it [Diog. L. 7, 169; Ps.-Phoc. 158]). σκ. καὶ βαθύνειν (s. βαθύνω) 6:48 (Stephan. Byz. s.v. Ἄργιλος: σκάπτειν εἰς τὸ θεμελίους καταβαλέσθαι).

② to dig for agricultural purposes, cultivate

ⓐ intr. περὶ αὐτήν dig around it (with a hoe or mattock) of a fig tree Lk 13:8 (cp. Diod S 5, 41, 6 περισκαπφείσης τ. γῆς ἀπὸ τῶν ῥίζων).

ⓑ trans. dig (up), spade (up) τὶ someth. τὸν ἀμπελῶνα (Diod S 4, 31, 7; PLond II, 163, 33 p. 183 [I A.D.]) Hs 5, 2, 4. Pass. (Is 5:6) 5, 2, 5; 5, 6, 2.—B. 497. DELG.

zappata s.f.

1 ( lo zappare) hoeing; digging: l'orto ha bisogno di una bella zappata, the vegetable plot needs digging over

2 ( colpo con la zappa) blow with a hoe.

* * *

sostantivo femminile

* * *

zappata

/tsap'pata/

sostantivo f.

dare una zappata al giardino to give the garden a dig, to do some digging o hoeing in the garden.

du/ad.

1. ( oro.) to redden, make red, turn red; izara odolez \gorritua the sheet turned red with blood

2. ( tindatu) to dye red

a. Nekaz. to work, clear; lurra \gorritu to clear the land; tarteka \gorritu to loosen and weed in between with a hoe | to dig at (the ground)

b. (esa.) aspaldion ez dugu lurra \gorritu it's been a while since we've had a {burial || funeral}

4. ( eguzkiak azala) to burn

5. Sukal. to brown, cook lightly; haragia \gorritu to cook the meat lightly da/ad.

1. to {grow || turn || become} red, redden; sagarrak \gorritu dira the apples have turned red | the apples have acquired a red colour; labea \gorritu da the oven has turned red hot | the oven has heated up

a. ( aurpegia) to blush; aurpegia \gorritu zitzaion her face blushed; lotsaz gorritzen ez bada if she doesn't blush with shame

b. ( begia) to get bloodshot

c. ( masailak) to turn ruddy

3. Med.

a. ( eritasunak, beroak eragindakoa) to break out in a (heat) rash

b. ( eguzkiak eraginda) to get sunburned

a. ( burdinazko gauza) to turn red with rust

b. ( landarea) to become ; garoak gorritzen hasi dira the ferns have started to turn red

ichcua > ichcuah (?).

*\ICHCUA v.t. tla-., enlever de la terre avec une houe.

Angl., to remove earth with a hoe, to dig something (K).

Esp. sacar tierra con el azadon (C).

verso ( vorso), āvi, ātum, 1 ( inf. vorsarier, Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 53), v. freq. a. [verto], to turn, wind, twist, or whirl about often or violently (freq. and class.; syn.: verto, contorqueo).

Lit.: qui caelum versat stellis fulgentibus aptum, Enn. ap. Macr. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 30 Vahl.): Sisyphus versat Saxum, Poët. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 5, 10:

turbinem puer,

Tib. 1, 5, 4:

turdos in igni,

Hor. S. 1, 5, 72:

ova non acri favillā,

Ov. M. 8, 667:

cum versati appositi essent pisces,

Quint. 6, 3, 90:

vinclorum inmensa volumina,

Verg. A. 5, 408:

manum,

Ov. M. 12, 493:

lumina,

id. ib. 5, 134; 6, 247;

7, 579: cardinem,

id. ib. 4, 93:

fusum,

id. ib. 4, 221;

6, 22: corpus,

id. Am. 1, 2, 4:

sortem urnā,

to shake, Hor. C. 2, 3, 26:

ligonibus glaebas,

to turn up, hoe, id. ib. 3, 6, 39; so,

rura (juvenci),

Prop. 4 (5), 1, 129:

terram,

Ov. R. Am. 173:

desectum gramen,

hay, id. M. 14, 646:

currum in gramine,

i. e. to wheel about, Verg. A. 12, 664:

oves,

to drive about, pasture, id. E. 10, 68:

pulsat versatque Dareta,

id. A. 5, 460:

me versant in litore venti,

id. ib. 6, 362: vos exemplaria Graeca Nocturnā versate manu, versate diurnā, turn them over, i. e. read, study them, Hor. A. P. 269:

et nummulario non ex fide versanti pecunias manus amputavit,

handling, accounting for, Suet. Galb. 9.—With se, or mid., to turn one's self often, to turn, revolve, etc.: versabat se in utramque partem, non solum mente, verum etiam corpore, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 30, § 74.—Prov.:

satis diu jam hoc saxum vorso,

I have wasted time enough with this man, Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 55.—Mid.:

mundum versari circum axem caeli,

Cic. N. D. 1, 20, 52:

qui (orbes) versantur retro,

id. Rep. 6, 17, 17:

pars superior mundi non versatur in turbinem,

Sen. Ira, 3, 6, 1:

suāpte naturā et cylindrum volvi et versari turbinem putat,

Cic. Fat. 18, 42:

ne versari aves possent,

Col. 8, 7, 1.—

Trop.

In gen., to turn, twist, bend:

versare suam naturam et regere ad tempus atque huc et illuc torquere et flectere,

Cic. Cael. 6, 13:

ad omnem malitiam et fraudem versare mentem suam coepit,

id. Clu. 26, 70:

eadem multis modis,

id. Or. 40, 137:

causas,

i. e. to treat, manage, id. ib. 9, 31; Quint. 10, 5, 9; cf. absol.:

non mille figuris variet ac verset (orator)?

id. 5, 14, 32:

verba,

to pervert, alter, Cic. Fin. 4, 20, 56:

fors omnia versat,

turns, changes, Verg. E. 9, 5;

so mid.: versatur celeri Fors levis orbe rotae,

Tib. 1, 5, 70:

huc et illuc, Torquate, vos versetis licet, etc.,

Cic. Fin. 2, 31, 99:

in quo, utrum respondebo, verses te huc atque illuc necesse est,

id. ib. 5, 28, 86:

versabat se ad omnis cogitationes,

Curt. 6, 6, 27.—

In partic. (rare in Cic.).

Qs. to turn upside down, i. e. to discompose, disturb, vex, agitate:

versabo ego illum hodie, si vivo, probe,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 5, 6; id. Pers. 5, 2, 17:

haerere homo, versari, rubere,

to be disturbed, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 76, § 187: si quid te adjuero curamve levasso Quae nunc te coquit et versat in pectore fixa, Enn. ap. Cic. Sen. 1, 1 (Ann. v. 340 Vahl.):

miserum toto cubili,

Prop. 1, 14, 21:

illum toto versant suspiria lecto,

id. 2, 22, 47 (3, 16, 5):

odiis domos,

to overthrow, ruin, subvert, Verg. A. 7, 336:

ille placet, versatque domum, neque verbera sentit,

i. e. disturbs without being punished, Ov. Am. 2, 2, 29:

sic fortuna in contentione et certamine utrumque versavit, ut alter alteri inimicus auxilio salutique esset,

alternated with, treated each in turn, Caes. B. G. 5, 44 fin.:

pectora,

id. ib. 2, 45:

muliebrem animum in omnes partes,

Liv. 1, 58, 3:

patrum animos,

id. 1, 17, 1:

pectora (nunc indignatio nunc pudor),

id. 2, 45, 5; cf.:

spesque timorque animum versat utroque modo,

Prop. 3, 17 (4, 16), 12.—

To turn over a thing in the mind, to think over, meditate, or reflect upon, revolve, consider; to transact, carry on (cf.:

volvo, agito): multas res simitu in meo corde vorso,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 1:

versarent in animis secum unamquamque rem,

Liv. 3, 34, 4:

illa dolos dirumque nefas in pectere versat, Certa mori,

Verg. A. 4, 563; so,

dolos,

id. ib. 2, 62:

versate diu, quid ferre recusent, Quid valeant umeri,

Hor. A. P. 39:

ubi maxima rerum momenta versantur,

Quint. 8, 3, 13:

versenturque omni modo numeri,

examined, considered, id. 10, 3, 5; 10, 5, 9:

somnia decies,

to interpret, Prop. 2, 4, 16:

multum igitur domi ante versandi sunt (testes), variis percontationibus, etc.,

examined, practised, Quint. 5, 7, 11.—

Transf., in the mid. form, versor ( vor-sor), ātus, 1, prop. to move about in a place, i. e. to dwell, live, remain, stay, abide, be in a place or among certain persons; constr. most freq. with in aliquā re; also with inter, intra, apud, and cum.

Lit.:

vorsari crebro hic cum viderent me domi,

Plaut. Am. prol. 128:

in medio pariete,

id. Cas. 1, 52:

non ad solarium, non in campo, non in conviviis versatus est,

Cic. Quint. 18, 59:

in fundo,

id. Mil. 20, 53:

in castris,

Caes. B. G. 2, 24:

inter aciem,

id. ib. 1, 52; cf.:

nec versari inter eos sine dedecore potero,

Cic. Att. 10, 8, 3:

intra vallum,

Caes. B. C. 3, 96:

alicui inter femina,

Suet. Tib. 44:

nobiscum versari jam diutius non potes,

Cic. Cat. 1, 5, 10;

apud praefectos regis,

Nep. Con. 2, 4.—

Trop.

In gen., to be; to be circumstanced or situated:

nescis, quantis in malis vorser miser,

Ter. And. 4, 1, 25:

certe ego te in medio versantem turbine leti Eripui,

Cat. 64, 149:

ergo illi nunc in pace versantur,

Cic. Phil. 8, 2, 6:

in clarissimā luce,

id. Off. 2, 13, 44:

Minturnenses aeternā in laude versantur,

id. Planc. 10, 26:

in simili culpā,

Caes. B. C. 3, 110:

mihi ante oculos dies noctesque versaris,

Cic. Fam. 14, 2, 3:

nec versantur omnino scripta eorum inter manus hominum,

i. e. are read, Dig. 1, 2, 2.—Of abstract subjects: numquam tibi populi Romani dignitas, numquam species ipsa hujusmodi multitudinis in oculis animoque versata est? Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 55, § 144:

mors, exsilium mihi ob oculos versabantur,

id. Sest. 21, 47:

haec omnia in eodem errore versantur,

id. N. D. 3, 10, 25; id. Tusc. 1, 44, 107:

aliquid in dubitatione versatur,

id. Rep. 2, 15, 29:

Mithridaticum bellum, in multā varietate versatum,

waged with many vicissitudes, id. Arch. 9, 21.—

In partic., to occupy or busy one's self with any action, to be engaged in any thing.

Of persons.

With in and abl. (class.):

opifices omnes in sordidā arte versantur,

Cic. Off. 1, 42, 150:

in omnibus ingenuis artibus,

id. Fam. 4, 3, 4:

versabor in re difficili,

id. Leg. 3, 15, 33:

in re publicā atque in his vitae periculis laboribusque,

id. Arch. 12, 30;

ullā in cogitatione acrius ac diligentius versari,

id. Rep. 1, 22, 35:

si diutius in hoc genere verser,

id. ib. 1, 46, 70:

multum in imperiis,

Nep. Milt. 8, 2.—

With circa and acc. (post-Aug.):

circa mensuras ac numeros non versabitur (orator)?

Quint. 2, 21, 19.—

With inter:

inter arma ac studia versatus,

Vell. 1, 13, 3.—

Of abstract subjects.

With in and abl. (class.):

haec omnia in eodem quo illa Zenonis errore versantur,

depend on, Cic. N. D. 3, 10, 25:

dicendi omnis ratio in hominum more et sermone versatur,

is occupied with, concerns, Cic. de Or. 1, 3, 12:

ejus omnis oratio versata est in eo, ut, etc.,

id. ib. 1, 57, 244; cf.:

imitatio est posita fere in eludendo, sed versatur etiam in factis,

Quint. 9, 2, 58: ipsae res in perfacili cognitione versantur Cic. Or. 35, 122;

quae omnes artes in veri investigatione versantur,

id. Off. 1, 6, 19:

omnia quae in causā versarentur,

Quint. 7, 1, 4:

epilogi omnes in eādem fere materiā versari solent,

id. 7, 4, 19; 2, 4, 1:

praejudiciorum vis omnis tribus in generibus versatur,

id. 5, 2, 1.—

With circa and acc. (post-Aug.):

haec pars (tragoedia) circa iram, odium, metum, miserationem fere tota versatur,

Quint. 6, 2, 20:

circa quae versari videatur omnis quaestio,

id. 3, 6, 23:

quidam circa res omnes, quidam circa civiles modo versari rhetoricen putaverunt,

id. 2, 15, 15.—

With abl.:

itaque (finitio) pluribus legibus isdem quibus conjectura versatur,

Quint. 7, 3, 1 (dub.; Halm, ex conj. in isdem).—

Part. perf.:

homo in aliis causis exercitatus et in hac multum et saepe versatus,

Cic. Quint. 1, 3:

viri in rerum publicarum varietate versati,

id. Rep. 3, 3, 4:

semper inter arma ac studia versatus,

Vell. 1, 13, 3.— Absol.:

is missum ad dilectus agendos Agricolam integreque ac strenue versatum praeposuit, etc.,

Tac. Agr. 7.

verso ( vorso), āvi, ātum, 1 ( inf. vorsarier, Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 53), v. freq. a. [verto], to turn, wind, twist, or whirl about often or violently (freq. and class.; syn.: verto, contorqueo).

Lit.: qui caelum versat stellis fulgentibus aptum, Enn. ap. Macr. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 30 Vahl.): Sisyphus versat Saxum, Poët. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 5, 10:

turbinem puer,

Tib. 1, 5, 4:

turdos in igni,

Hor. S. 1, 5, 72:

ova non acri favillā,

Ov. M. 8, 667:

cum versati appositi essent pisces,

Quint. 6, 3, 90:

vinclorum inmensa volumina,

Verg. A. 5, 408:

manum,

Ov. M. 12, 493:

lumina,

id. ib. 5, 134; 6, 247;

7, 579: cardinem,

id. ib. 4, 93:

fusum,

id. ib. 4, 221;

6, 22: corpus,

id. Am. 1, 2, 4:

sortem urnā,

to shake, Hor. C. 2, 3, 26:

ligonibus glaebas,

to turn up, hoe, id. ib. 3, 6, 39; so,

rura (juvenci),

Prop. 4 (5), 1, 129:

terram,

Ov. R. Am. 173:

desectum gramen,

hay, id. M. 14, 646:

currum in gramine,

i. e. to wheel about, Verg. A. 12, 664:

oves,

to drive about, pasture, id. E. 10, 68:

pulsat versatque Dareta,

id. A. 5, 460:

me versant in litore venti,

id. ib. 6, 362: vos exemplaria Graeca Nocturnā versate manu, versate diurnā, turn them over, i. e. read, study them, Hor. A. P. 269:

et nummulario non ex fide versanti pecunias manus amputavit,

handling, accounting for, Suet. Galb. 9.—With se, or mid., to turn one's self often, to turn, revolve, etc.: versabat se in utramque partem, non solum mente, verum etiam corpore, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 30, § 74.—Prov.:

satis diu jam hoc saxum vorso,

I have wasted time enough with this man, Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 55.—Mid.:

mundum versari circum axem caeli,

Cic. N. D. 1, 20, 52:

qui (orbes) versantur retro,

id. Rep. 6, 17, 17:

pars superior mundi non versatur in turbinem,

Sen. Ira, 3, 6, 1:

suāpte naturā et cylindrum volvi et versari turbinem putat,

Cic. Fat. 18, 42:

ne versari aves possent,

Col. 8, 7, 1.—

Trop.

In gen., to turn, twist, bend:

versare suam naturam et regere ad tempus atque huc et illuc torquere et flectere,

Cic. Cael. 6, 13:

ad omnem malitiam et fraudem versare mentem suam coepit,

id. Clu. 26, 70:

eadem multis modis,

id. Or. 40, 137:

causas,

i. e. to treat, manage, id. ib. 9, 31; Quint. 10, 5, 9; cf. absol.:

non mille figuris variet ac verset (orator)?

id. 5, 14, 32:

verba,

to pervert, alter, Cic. Fin. 4, 20, 56:

fors omnia versat,

turns, changes, Verg. E. 9, 5;

so mid.: versatur celeri Fors levis orbe rotae,

Tib. 1, 5, 70:

huc et illuc, Torquate, vos versetis licet, etc.,

Cic. Fin. 2, 31, 99:

in quo, utrum respondebo, verses te huc atque illuc necesse est,

id. ib. 5, 28, 86:

versabat se ad omnis cogitationes,

Curt. 6, 6, 27.—

In partic. (rare in Cic.).

Qs. to turn upside down, i. e. to discompose, disturb, vex, agitate:

versabo ego illum hodie, si vivo, probe,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 5, 6; id. Pers. 5, 2, 17:

haerere homo, versari, rubere,

to be disturbed, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 76, § 187: si quid te adjuero curamve levasso Quae nunc te coquit et versat in pectore fixa, Enn. ap. Cic. Sen. 1, 1 (Ann. v. 340 Vahl.):

miserum toto cubili,

Prop. 1, 14, 21:

illum toto versant suspiria lecto,

id. 2, 22, 47 (3, 16, 5):

odiis domos,

to overthrow, ruin, subvert, Verg. A. 7, 336:

ille placet, versatque domum, neque verbera sentit,

i. e. disturbs without being punished, Ov. Am. 2, 2, 29:

sic fortuna in contentione et certamine utrumque versavit, ut alter alteri inimicus auxilio salutique esset,

alternated with, treated each in turn, Caes. B. G. 5, 44 fin.:

pectora,

id. ib. 2, 45:

muliebrem animum in omnes partes,

Liv. 1, 58, 3:

patrum animos,

id. 1, 17, 1:

pectora (nunc indignatio nunc pudor),

id. 2, 45, 5; cf.:

spesque timorque animum versat utroque modo,

Prop. 3, 17 (4, 16), 12.—

To turn over a thing in the mind, to think over, meditate, or reflect upon, revolve, consider; to transact, carry on (cf.:

volvo, agito): multas res simitu in meo corde vorso,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 1:

versarent in animis secum unamquamque rem,

Liv. 3, 34, 4:

illa dolos dirumque nefas in pectere versat, Certa mori,

Verg. A. 4, 563; so,

dolos,

id. ib. 2, 62:

versate diu, quid ferre recusent, Quid valeant umeri,

Hor. A. P. 39:

ubi maxima rerum momenta versantur,

Quint. 8, 3, 13:

versenturque omni modo numeri,

examined, considered, id. 10, 3, 5; 10, 5, 9:

somnia decies,

to interpret, Prop. 2, 4, 16:

multum igitur domi ante versandi sunt (testes), variis percontationibus, etc.,

examined, practised, Quint. 5, 7, 11.—

Transf., in the mid. form, versor ( vor-sor), ātus, 1, prop. to move about in a place, i. e. to dwell, live, remain, stay, abide, be in a place or among certain persons; constr. most freq. with in aliquā re; also with inter, intra, apud, and cum.

Lit.:

vorsari crebro hic cum viderent me domi,

Plaut. Am. prol. 128:

in medio pariete,

id. Cas. 1, 52:

non ad solarium, non in campo, non in conviviis versatus est,

Cic. Quint. 18, 59:

in fundo,

id. Mil. 20, 53:

in castris,

Caes. B. G. 2, 24:

inter aciem,

id. ib. 1, 52; cf.:

nec versari inter eos sine dedecore potero,

Cic. Att. 10, 8, 3:

intra vallum,

Caes. B. C. 3, 96:

alicui inter femina,

Suet. Tib. 44:

nobiscum versari jam diutius non potes,

Cic. Cat. 1, 5, 10;

apud praefectos regis,

Nep. Con. 2, 4.—

Trop.

In gen., to be; to be circumstanced or situated:

nescis, quantis in malis vorser miser,

Ter. And. 4, 1, 25:

certe ego te in medio versantem turbine leti Eripui,

Cat. 64, 149:

ergo illi nunc in pace versantur,

Cic. Phil. 8, 2, 6:

in clarissimā luce,

id. Off. 2, 13, 44:

Minturnenses aeternā in laude versantur,

id. Planc. 10, 26:

in simili culpā,

Caes. B. C. 3, 110:

mihi ante oculos dies noctesque versaris,

Cic. Fam. 14, 2, 3:

nec versantur omnino scripta eorum inter manus hominum,

i. e. are read, Dig. 1, 2, 2.—Of abstract subjects: numquam tibi populi Romani dignitas, numquam species ipsa hujusmodi multitudinis in oculis animoque versata est? Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 55, § 144:

mors, exsilium mihi ob oculos versabantur,

id. Sest. 21, 47:

haec omnia in eodem errore versantur,

id. N. D. 3, 10, 25; id. Tusc. 1, 44, 107:

aliquid in dubitatione versatur,

id. Rep. 2, 15, 29:

Mithridaticum bellum, in multā varietate versatum,

waged with many vicissitudes, id. Arch. 9, 21.—

In partic., to occupy or busy one's self with any action, to be engaged in any thing.

Of persons.

With in and abl. (class.):

opifices omnes in sordidā arte versantur,

Cic. Off. 1, 42, 150:

in omnibus ingenuis artibus,

id. Fam. 4, 3, 4:

versabor in re difficili,

id. Leg. 3, 15, 33:

in re publicā atque in his vitae periculis laboribusque,

id. Arch. 12, 30;

ullā in cogitatione acrius ac diligentius versari,

id. Rep. 1, 22, 35:

si diutius in hoc genere verser,

id. ib. 1, 46, 70:

multum in imperiis,

Nep. Milt. 8, 2.—

With circa and acc. (post-Aug.):

circa mensuras ac numeros non versabitur (orator)?

Quint. 2, 21, 19.—

With inter:

inter arma ac studia versatus,

Vell. 1, 13, 3.—

Of abstract subjects.

With in and abl. (class.):

haec omnia in eodem quo illa Zenonis errore versantur,

depend on, Cic. N. D. 3, 10, 25:

dicendi omnis ratio in hominum more et sermone versatur,

is occupied with, concerns, Cic. de Or. 1, 3, 12:

ejus omnis oratio versata est in eo, ut, etc.,

id. ib. 1, 57, 244; cf.:

imitatio est posita fere in eludendo, sed versatur etiam in factis,

Quint. 9, 2, 58: ipsae res in perfacili cognitione versantur Cic. Or. 35, 122;

quae omnes artes in veri investigatione versantur,

id. Off. 1, 6, 19:

omnia quae in causā versarentur,

Quint. 7, 1, 4:

epilogi omnes in eādem fere materiā versari solent,

id. 7, 4, 19; 2, 4, 1:

praejudiciorum vis omnis tribus in generibus versatur,

id. 5, 2, 1.—

With circa and acc. (post-Aug.):

haec pars (tragoedia) circa iram, odium, metum, miserationem fere tota versatur,

Quint. 6, 2, 20:

circa quae versari videatur omnis quaestio,

id. 3, 6, 23:

quidam circa res omnes, quidam circa civiles modo versari rhetoricen putaverunt,

id. 2, 15, 15.—

With abl.:

itaque (finitio) pluribus legibus isdem quibus conjectura versatur,

Quint. 7, 3, 1 (dub.; Halm, ex conj. in isdem).—

Part. perf.:

homo in aliis causis exercitatus et in hac multum et saepe versatus,

Cic. Quint. 1, 3:

viri in rerum publicarum varietate versati,

id. Rep. 3, 3, 4:

semper inter arma ac studia versatus,

Vell. 1, 13, 3.— Absol.:

is missum ad dilectus agendos Agricolam integreque ac strenue versatum praeposuit, etc.,

Tac. Agr. 7.

1) (firm; solid; not easy to break, scratch etc: The ground is too hard to dig.) trd

2) (not easy to do, learn, solve etc: Is English a hard language to learn?; He is a hard man to please.) težek

3) (not feeling or showing kindness: a hard master.) trd

4) ((of weather) severe: a hard winter.) oster

5) (having or causing suffering: a hard life; hard times.) težek

6) ((of water) containing many chemical salts and so not easily forming bubbles when soap is added: The water is hard in this part of the country.) trd

1) (with great effort: He works very hard; Think hard.) hudo, trdo, dobro

2) (with great force; heavily: Don't hit him too hard; It was raining hard.) močno

3) (with great attention: He stared hard at the man.) nepremično

4) (to the full extent; completely: The car turned hard right.) popolnoma

•

- harden

* * *

trd; trden; težak, težaven, naporen; žilav, zdržljiv, odporen; močan, silen; priden, delaven, zmožen; strog, nepopustljiv, neusmiljen; trd, mrzel, oster (podnebje); economy pod težkimi pogoji, oster, visok (cena); težko razumljiv, težko izvedljiv; preudaren, trd (gospodarstvenik); rezek, močen (pijača); grammar trd (glas, soglasnik)

to be hard on s.o. — biti prestrog s kom

to be hard upon s.o. — biti komu za petami

to be a hard case — biti zakrknjen

hard of belief — nejeveren

hard to believe — težko verjeten

hard to imagine — kar si kdo težko predstavlja

hard to please — ki se mu težko ugodi

a hard blow — težak udarec, silen udarec

as hard as brick — trd kakor kamen

sport in hard condition — v dobri formi

hard drinking — pijančevanje

hard of digestion — težko prebavljiv

to drive a hard bargain — ne popustiti pri kupčiji

hard facts — neomajna dejstva

hard fare — slaba in nezadostna hrana

hard of hearing — naglušen

hard of heart — trdosrčen

to have a hard head — preudarno razsojati

to have a hard row to hoe — imeti težko nalogo

hard life — težko življenje

hard lines — težko življenje, težko delo, zla usoda

hard liquor — močne (žgane) pijače

hard lot — trda usoda

hard luck — nesreča, "smola"

a hard luck story — jadikovanje

a hard master — strog gospodar

figuratively a hard nut to crack — trd oreh

as hard as nails — žilav, trd kakor drenov les, trd kakor kamen

hard rain — močan dež

hard swearing — kriva prisega

a hard saying — težko razumljive besede; predpis, ki ga je težko izpolnjevati

hard times — težki časi

hard task — težka naloga

to try one's hardest — pošteno se potruditi

hard up — na tesnem z denarjem

hard work — trdo, naporno delo

hard worker — priden delavec

trdo, trdno; težko, hudo, naporno; pridno, hitro; čisto zraven, tik

hard at hand — ali hard by — čisto zraven

hard on — ali hard after — tik za

to be hard hit — biti hudo udarjen, prizadet

to be hard pressed — ali to be hard put to it — biti v hudi stiski, biti na tesnem

to be hard up — biti v denarni stiski

to die hard — težko umreti

to drink hard — močno piti

hard earned — težko zaslužen

to follow hard upon — tesno slediti

hard got — težko pridobljen

to look hard at — nepremično koga gledati, z očmi meriti

hard set — v stiski; trmast; negiben

it will go hard with him — slabo mu kaže, trda mu prede

to run one hard — biti komu za petami

hard upon — takoj nato

to try hard — zelo se potruditi

British English trda obrežna tla; slang prisilno delo; težava; vulgar tudi hard on — erekcija; plural skrbi

bĭdens (old form duidens), entis (abl. bidenti, Lucr. 5, 209; Verg. Cir. 212; Pomp. ap. Gell. 16, 6, 7:

bidente,

Tib. 2, 3, 6; Verg. Cat. 8, 9; Plin. 17, 21, 35, § 159; gen. plur. bidentium, Hor. C. 3, 23, 14:

bidentum,

Ov. M. 15, 575), adj. [bis-dens], with two teeth (not in Cic.).

Adj.

Lit.:

amica, i.e. anus,

Auct. Priap. 82: bos, Paul. ex Fest. p. 35 Müll.:

hostiae,

Plin. 8, 51, 77, § 206.—

Transf., with two prongs, points, etc.:

ancora,

Plin. 7, 56, 57, § 209:

forfex,

Verg. Cat. 8, 9:

ferrum = forfex,

id. Cir. 212.—

Subst.

Masc., a heavy hoe or mattock with two crooked iron teeth; Gr. dikella: valido bidenti ingemere, Lucr. 5, 209: Tib. 1, 1, 29; 1, 10, 49; 2, 3, 6:

glaebam fran/gere bidentibus,

Verg. G. 2, 400:

duros jactare bidentis,

id. ib. 2, 355:

durus bidens et vomer aduncus,

Ov. F. 4, 927:

bidentibus soli terga convertere,

Col. 4, 14, 1; 4, 17, 8; Pall. Jul. 5; cf. id. ib. 1, 43, 1; Dig. 33, 7, 8 al.—Hence, meton. for agriculture:

bidentis amans,

Juv. 3, 228.—

Fem. (old form duidens, Paul. ex Fest. p. 66 Müll.; cf. the letter B), an animal for sacrifice (swine, sheep, ox): bidentes hostiae, quae per aetatem duos dentes altiores habent, Jul. Hyg. ap. Gell. 16, 6, 14: bidentes sunt oves duos dentes longiores ceteris habentes, Paul. ex Fest. p. 33 Müll.; Isid. Orig. 12, 1, 9. It is more correct to understand by bidens an animal for sacrifice whose two rows of teeth are complete; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 4 Müll.: ambidens sive bidens ovis appellabatur, quae superioribus et inferioribus est dentibus, and in Heb., the dual of, of the two rows of teeth; v. Gesen. Heb. Lex. under:

mactant lectas de more bidentīs Legiferae Cereri,

Verg. A. 4, 57 Forbig. ad loc; id. ib. 7, 93; 12, 170; * Hor. C. 3, 23, 14; Ov. M. 10, 227; 15, 575; Pompon. ap. Gell. 16, 6, 7; Plin. 8, 51, 77, § 206.— Transf. from the lang. of offerings to a general use = ovis, a sheep, Phaedr. 1, 17, 8.

I 〈 overgankelijk werkwoord〉

1 [aanbrengen tegen/om] apply

2 [doen overeenkomstig een doel] contrive ⇒ set/go about

3 [bezig zijn tot stand te brengen] construct, build ⇒ 〈 straat ook〉 lay, dig 〈 kanaal〉, lay out 〈 park, tuin〉, install 〈 voorzieningen〉, build up 〈 voorraad〉

♦voorbeelden:

1   〈 figuurlijk〉 een maatstaf aanleggen • apply a standard

     een verband aanleggen • dress (a wound), bandage

2   het zó weten aan te leggen dat … • contrive it so that …

     het erop aanleggen dat/om … • set out to …

     hoe leg ik dat aan? • how do I go about this?

     het met de buurvrouw aanleggen • start carrying on with the woman next door

     het met iemand aanleggen • 〈 zich inlaten met〉 get involved with someone; 〈 gemene zaak maken met〉 join forces with someone

3   een spoorweg/weg aanleggen • construct a railway/road

     een verzameling aanleggen • start a collection

     een vuur aanleggen • lay a fire

     een nieuwe wijk aanleggen • build a new ^Bestate/^Adevelopment

II 〈 onovergankelijk werkwoord〉

1 [voor de wal komen] 〈 vastleggen〉 moor, tie up; 〈 aandoen〉 touch (at), berth

2 [onderweg stilhouden] stop (off)

III 〈 onovergankelijk, overgankelijk werkwoord〉

1 [richten] aim

♦voorbeelden:

1   leg aan! • take aim!